Page 587 - Le Operazioni Interforze e Multinazionali nella Storia Militare - ACTA Tomo I

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concept called Ellsworth Bunker Proposal was proposed. It consisted of the planning
of administration government taking over to Indonesia through such a UN temporary
government board and the guarantee of conducting self-determination for the people
of West Irian. For Indonesia, that proposal principally could be adapted. Meanwhile,
Mandala Command always struggled in order to push the Dutch to negotiate again based
on Bunker Proposal. Then because of the intervention from United States and England,
the negotiation could be opened. The Dutch finally agreed with Bunker Proposal and
then the agreement was prepared.
In reality, the beginning phase of Jayawijaya Operation has been started until
the gathering of ATA-17 forces at Banggai Island. Concerning with the progression of
diplomatic struggle, the Mandala Commander in Chief has arrived at Banggai Island
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on August 5 , 1962 and delivered his decision to postpone the H day of operation to
become H+14. The New York Agreement which officially ended West Irian dispute
between Indonesian and the Netherlands finally signed on August 15 , 1962. Through
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the end of hostility decision from Indonesian government, all preparations of Jayawijaya
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Operation had stopped on August 25 1962.
On October 1 , 1962, The Dutch Government took over the authority to The
st
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United Nation Temporary Executive Authority (UNTEA). On December 31 , 1962, the
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Flag of Indonesia was started to hoist besides the UN Flag. And finally, on May 1 ,
1963, the Government of Indonesia officially received the authority in West Irian from
UN. Meanwhile the implementation of self-determination (PEPERA) was conducted
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on July 5 , 1969 with result of local decision to be integrated with The Unitary State of
Indonesia Republic.

CHAPTER V - CONCLUSION

The implementation of West Irian Liberation in form of Tri Komando Rakyat
(Trikora) with Jayawijaya Operation as its climax has showed the relationship and
cooperation between military and diplomacy activities. By the forming of Mandala
Command and military situation which have been created, they were proved that they
could open negotiation in solving this problem. In spite of Jayawijaya Operation had
been postponed and then canceled as the peace negotiation, those preparations became
decisive element. It had a correlation of a good strategy to win a war without fighting.
In operational side, this was the biggest joint operation that Indonesia ever done
which involved all Indonesian military forces. The infiltration strategies which formerly
infiltrated the forces through sea and then intensified through the air seemed working
well. However, this way was tactically disadvantageous because the field difficulties that
faced by the troops. Nevertheless, the struggle spirit of Indonesian soldiers were so high
which result in the jobs well done.
As the end of this operation, the Indonesian government got legal acknowledgment
for the authority of West Irian as a part of the Unitary State of Indonesian Republic.
The accomplishment of West Irian dispute did not result in the great open war between